Which scale is characterized by a five-note pattern often found in various cultural musics?

The pentatonic scale is characterized by its five-note structure, which distinguishes it from other musical scales that typically contain more pitches. This scale is prevalent across many different cultural music traditions, including African, Asian, Celtic, and Native American musics, among others. The simplicity of the pentatonic scale is one of its most appealing features, as it can be used to create melodies that are universally recognizable and often sound harmonious regardless of the context.

In contrast, the major scale comprises seven notes and has a specific pattern of whole and half steps that creates a distinct sound often associated with Western tonal music. The chromatic scale consists of twelve pitches, each a half step apart, allowing for a less culturally specific and more complex approach to music. The whole tone scale is made up of six notes, each a whole step apart, which results in a unique and somewhat ethereal sound that is less common in traditional folk and cultural music. Thus, the pentatonic scale's unique five-note pattern is what makes it a foundational element in a wide variety of musical styles globally.