Which of the following are primary features of jazz music?

The primary features of jazz music include syncopation, swing, improvisation, and individual expression, which are central to the genre's identity.

Syncopation refers to the placement of emphasis on beats that are usually not stressed, creating a rhythmic complexity that is a hallmark of jazz. This adds to the genre's distinctive feel and groove, encouraging a sense of movement and unpredictability.

Swing is a rhythmic technique that involves a relaxed pulse, allowing for a more laid-back style that makes listeners want to move. It is a crucial aspect of jazz that contributes to the lively, buoyant feel of the music.

Improvisation is perhaps the most vital feature of jazz, allowing musicians to spontaneously create melodies and harmonies, showcasing their creativity and instrumental skills. This improvisatory nature makes each performance unique and personal to the artist.

Individual expression in jazz enables musicians to convey their emotions and personalities through their playing. This emphasis on personal interpretation and emotional depth is one reason why jazz is so rich and varied, as each artist contributes their distinct voice to the music.

In contrast, features like formal structure and orchestral arrangement, defined time signatures, and controlled harmonization are more representative of classical music or other structured genres, lacking the improvisational and expressive qualities