What traditional ensemble is characterized by gongs, xylophone-like instruments, and drums?

The traditional ensemble characterized by gongs, xylophone-like instruments, and drums is the Gamelan. This ensemble originates from Indonesia, particularly from the islands of Java and Bali. Gamelan music features a variety of instruments, which typically include bronze gongs, metallophones (similar to xylophones), and different types of drums. The unique combination of these instruments creates a rich and layered sound that is distinctive to Gamelan music.

The cultural significance of the Gamelan is profound, often accompanying dance, theater, and ceremonies within Indonesian traditions. Its intricate rhythms and interlocking melodic patterns exemplify a communal approach to music-making, where the ensemble works together to create a cohesive sound.

In contrast, an orchestra primarily consists of strings, woodwinds, brass, and percussion instruments and typically performs Western classical music. A jazz band focuses on improvisation and often includes brass and woodwind instruments, along with a rhythm section, while a chamber group is a smaller ensemble usually performing classical music, emphasizing intimate compositions. These differences highlight why the Gamelan is the correct answer for this question.