What is the makeup of a string quartet?

A string quartet is traditionally composed of two violins, one viola, and one cello. This specific arrangement allows for a balanced interplay of harmonies and melodies, enabling each instrument to contribute equally to the overall sound while also allowing for distinct voices. The two violins often carry the melodic lines, the viola provides inner harmonies and deeper textures, and the cello forms the foundation with its lower range. This combination has become a standard format in classical chamber music, resulting in a rich, cohesive performance that highlights the unique characteristics of each instrument.