What is a "cantata"?

A cantata is primarily recognized as a vocal composition that often features religious themes. Traditionally, cantatas were performed in a church setting and consisted of multiple movements, which included solos, duets, choruses, and instrumental accompaniment. This format allowed for the exploration of theological texts through music, making the emotional and narrative quality of the vocal lines crucial for engaging worshippers. Composers such as Johann Sebastian Bach defined this genre with works that interwove scripture and personal reflection, emphasizing its role in both devotional and artistic contexts.

The other choices pertain to different musical forms; for example, a symphony is an orchestral work focused on instrumental music, while operatic performances combine music, drama, and staging, and dance-based forms are centered around rhythm and movement rather than vocal narrative.