What does the term "sonic texture" refer to in music?

The term "sonic texture" indeed refers to the number of layers in a piece of music and how these layers interact with one another. It encompasses the density and complexity of the sound, including elements such as melody, harmony, rhythm, and timbre. In music, textures can be described as thick or thin, depending on whether there are many overlapping lines or just a few. For example, a simple melody accompanied by a single chordal structure would be considered a thinner texture than a rich orchestral piece featuring multiple instrumental lines weaving together.

Understanding sonic texture helps musicians and listeners appreciate the intricacies of musical composition and performance. Different textures can create various effects and contribute to the overall emotional and aesthetic experience of the piece. This concept contrasts with the visual representation of sound, historical context, or emotional impact, which are distinct aspects that do not define sonic texture itself.