In Gregorian chant, what does 'conjunct melody' refer to?

In the context of Gregorian chant, the term "conjunct melody" specifically refers to a melody that primarily utilizes stepwise motion. This means that the notes in the melody move by small intervals, typically by seconds. Such stepwise motion creates a smooth and flowing melodic line that is characteristic of Gregorian chant, allowing the text to be clearly articulated while maintaining a serene and contemplative musical quality.

Conjunct melodies are contrasted with disjunct melodies, which involve larger leaps between notes. In Gregorian chant, the emphasis is on clarity and expressiveness of the sacred text, making the stepwise progression more suitable for the style. Melodies that feature larger leaps or are accompanied by harmony are not representative of the solo, unaccompanied nature of Gregorian chant. Furthermore, while folk tunes may influence some types of music, they do not specifically define the structure of Gregorian chant itself.